COGS RATE GODS: Zagreus

cogs rate gods banner for the blacksmith's circus series series

Gabbler: COGS rate GODs is back, baby. What was supposed to be a series never took off. But here we are for a relaunch. But much lower pressure!

BLA: Hell yeah. What’s funny is our series came out the same month and year as John Green’s Anthropocene Reviewed. Ratings were a big thing back then amongst humans, I guess? Still are.

G: But we’re not reviewing human things. We’re reviewing the gods.

B: Which span past and future epochs!

G: In anticipation of the Chthulucene.

B: No sky gods!

G: Don’t say that too loudly. So, our first review was of daddy Vulcan. Hephaestus. He got 5/5 stars. This time around we’re reviewing…Zagreus.

B: You picked, for the record.

G: I did. Because that Hades II game just came out and, well, we have some feelings about what we’ve seen.

B: We haven’t played it. Only seen it.

G: Right. But he’s such an interesting figure. Especially in terms of his parentage—how people disagree about who, like, his dad is.

B: And how he was the first-born Dionysus.

G: Born again, you might say, right?

B: Sure. But I argue it’s supposed to be mysterious—that we’re not supposed have definitive answers. You don’t have to think too hard on it and I feel like the gods Themselves aren’t sure about everything. They were still trying to figure Their own Selves out. Basically, and without listing off all the things you could find on a Wikipedia page, Zagreus’s mother was Persephone.

G: Or at least some underworld goddess.

B: The real question is of the father—which we’ll get to. But what everyone can agree on is that, like the later Dionysus, he was torn apart. Into pieces. But some part of him is saved. You see this even referenced in a TV show like The Magicians. Some say the heart was saved and that later, somehow, gets put into Semele or Zeus and therefore transferred to the baby Dionysus when he’s “carrying” him and that’s how you get this newer version of Dionysus.

G: Sounds like the Osiris myth, with the saving of the parts and such.

B: Exactly. But we need to address the parentage thing. So, some say that Zeus is Zagreus’s father. But how can that be if Hades is Persephone’s consort? Very incesty. But Zeus is also just a title of “King” in some respects. Hades is the Zeus of the underworld. So, some argue, it wasn’t Zeus-Zeus but Hades who fathered Zagreus. Maybe things got misinterpreted. But I think it’s more complicated than that. Gods can often be the same being. Alter-ego combinations of each other. Zeus, Poseidon, Hades. All kings of their domains. A trinity, if you will.

G: A god-head three in one. Kind of like in your next book—not to give anything away.

B: Yeah. Volume 3 coming soon! The gods shift and combine themselves all the time. And Their names flow to and fro from each other, to help explain themselves in a point and time.

G: And not to excuse incest, but that’s kind of standard with the gods. An act of siring the self over and over in different iterations, even. Gaia is both mother and consort to Uranus. Gaia births Rhea, who births Demeter. And they’re all pretty similar. Sometimes they show up like patterns instead of through parentage. Like Athena and Selene. Or Apollo and Helios. But Persephone, daughter of Demeter, is not just of the earth but a queen of what is under it. Does she disrupt this looping?

B: Possibly. There often does seem to be a final refinement with her. Like, the final girl™ of this pattern.

G: Which you know all about—refinement.

B: The Lathe doth wear down to nothingness. Rhea, Demeter, Persephone is another trinity of sorts. So, when folks also argue that Zagreus is another name for Hades or Dionysus, it might be the same attempt to combine the namesake, powers, or dominion of three gods, or a god acting in the stead of the other. My take is that the parents don’t matter. It’s a mystery the gods want us to forget. Otherwise they would have been clearer.

G: Origins are often very complicated in myth. Like, Google Erichthonius and tell me there isn’t more than one mother there.

B: Like Athena birthed from Zeus’s head is comparable to Dionysus birthed from Zeus’s thigh, you arguably can have a mother-father in one even.

G: His birth is, yes, interesting, but I’m more interested in Zagreus as a god that dies, though. That is torn apart like an animal. He seems to be the hunter and the hunted. That symbology is very beautiful, and bound to be tied somehow to the reason the Orphics didn’t eat meat? I’m still working on my thesis for that.

B: I’m more interested in folks picking up on the fact that a god can be an individual and their parents. In the more recent Dionysus myth, Zeus saves the baby from Semele (after he kills her) and attaches the baby to himself—his thigh. Dionysus is a grape on the vine of Zeus. Gestation. No mother really needed, and perhaps Dionysus, once part of Zeus, is now cut from the same literal vine. But in that same vein, Zeus was said to have consumed the heart of Zagreus, or made Semele consume it. And thus that transferred—reincarnated—Zagreus into Dionysus. Twice-born in more ways than one.

G: That’s spooky similar to Alpha, in what we see in Volume 2 of The Blacksmith’s Circus series.

B: No spoilers.

G: No spoilers.

B: What I find most important about Zagreus/Dionysus, if we are wanting to review both at once, is that we see a demi-god become a full god.

G: I think Dionysus should still get his own category. Zagreus is like his own person, before becoming Dionysus.

B: OK, I’ll save that review for another time. But for this particular guy. Three stars.

G: Only three stars?

B: Mysteries only get three stars because there’s too much up for interpretation. ⭐⭐⭐

G: Fair, I guess. I say four stars. Because Dionysus is just such an interesting figure. ⭐⭐⭐⭐

B: But we’re not reviewing Dionysus!

G: Fair, fair. But I love me some Orphism and ancient context on those who refused to eat animals. Like, the Maenads—the followers of Dionysus—rip animals and people apart with their bare hands. Just like Zagreus was torn apart, so is Orpheus. Even though Dionysus is so liberating to women – he is even called The Liberator – and allows them to become wild hunters, he forces his once-follower to be treated the way he was treated. In some ways, it’s like Zagreus is doing the tearing apart this time. Is sparagmos always a punishment, or a can it be a way for this god to reclaim you? To integrate you into his myth? To make you more like him? Is Orpheus just an embodiment of Dionysus? Can’t we all be possessed Dionysus/Zagreus to some degree when taken by his frenzy?

B: See, too many questions. Much like Orpheus, I, too, am a character in the deconstruction of worshipping a god. You see rites and the retellings become more and more human. Mythical figures become archetypes. A type of incarnation.

G: I think we need to end there before you start to give too much away for Volume 3. Until next time!

B: Zagreus, you get an average of 3.5 stars.

⭐⭐⭐.5

 

Theistic conceptions of artificial intelligence

 

Other scholars recognise elements of theism in the discourse around AI and its potential impact on our future. Robert Geraci suggests in his 2010 book, Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality, that AI can fulfil the same role in apocalyptic imaginings as a singular theistic god. Bearing in mind that the biblical apocalypse is an optimistic cosmic transformation, he also draws out parallels with the aims of AI, which often describe hopeful aspirations for a world-yet-to-come, an AI eschatology. In an early part of this particular work, Geraci draws on Rudolph Otto’s 1917 description of god as mysterium tremendum et fascinans (Otto 1917), using it to identify a type of awe-inspiring and fearsome being that at different times in our history can be a god, or in our contemporary modern world, AI. Elsewhere, Geraci’s work has engaged with virtual worlds, drawing attention to the role of transhumanists, including Giulio Prisco, discussed below, in claiming new potential spaces to practice and evolve religion towards transhumanist ends. In such spaces, including Second Life and the World of Warcraft (the MMORPG-a massively multiplayer online role-playing game), Geraci argues a step closer to the fulfilment of transhumanist salvation is being made- “a heavenly realm to inhabit” (Geraci 2014 177). Twitter is another virtual space, but one dominated by discourse rather than aesthetics and virtual embodiment like Second Life and World of Warcraft. However, this article proposes that the expressions of religious metaphor, parody, and tropes on Twitter as in the BBtA tweets represent continuities of theism, continuities enabled by new technological spaces as well as uncertainties about the nature and the volition of ‘the algorithm’.

However, the ‘AI fits into the god-space’ argument can be in danger of supporting a rather strict version of the Secularisation Thesis, and this idea’s historical veracity has been debated by anthropologists and sociologists of religion (see Ward and Hoelzl 2008). This article, and connected research, seeks to add to this debate in by drawing attention to continuities of religiosity and enchantment in super-agential concepts of AI and AI NRMs. Second, this god-space argument can suggest that religion is spurred on by ‘need’ only, a pathology interpretation of religion that ignores other elements of religious inspiration and innovation such as desire, culture, aesthetics, and, often in the online environment, affective virality.

Theistic interpretations of AI do undeniably owe a lot to older cultural conceptions of a singular god. Randall Reed pares this kind of god down to three theological characteristics (with long historical and philosophical roots) that often map easily onto our conceptions of AI superintelligences. These are omnipotence, omniscience, and omnipresence (Reed 2018, 7). Reed also raises the question of omnibenevolence. He notes that AI philosophers such as Nick Bostrom of the Future of Humanity Institute have focussed on the issues of malevolence through “perverse instantiation”, a failure of value alignment leading to unforeseen damage from a superintelligent AI, such as in Bostrom’s famous Paperclip Maximiser thought experiment (Bostrom 2003). Bostrom’s Orthogonality Thesis from his 2012 paper ‘Superintelligent Will’ is also relevant; the argument that intelligence is not intrinsically linked to ‘goodness’, and that an AI could have any number of combination of degrees of both characteristics (Bostrom 2012).

– “Blessed by the algorithm”: Theistic conceptions of artificial intelligence in online discourse by Beth Singler

 

You’re going to want to listen to Lore OlymPOD episode 99

And all of them really.

Here’s 99 specifically. 

Check out the Amun artwork being used to promote the CIRCO series:

 

Volume one of the CIRCO DEL HERRERO series is free. 

GABBLER RECOMMENDS: Webtoon Lore Olympus by Rachel Smythe

Caught up on all the “episodes” that are out and so far there’s no mention of the “Gods need prayer badly” trope. It’s about to be turned into a Netflix animated series.

Can’t wait to see how Hephaestus is drawn in this one, if at all. Give me some sexbots too.